What type of tissue composes bone

Therefore, compact bone tissue is prominent in areas of bone at which stresses are applied in only a few directions. Figure 1. The inner layer of bones consists of spongy bone tissue. The small dark ovals in the osteon represent the living osteocytes. Whereas compact bone tissue forms the outer layer of all bones, spongy bone or cancellous bone forms the inner layer of all bones. Spongy bone tissue does not contain osteons that constitute compact bone tissue.

Instead, it consists of trabeculae , which are lamellae that are arranged as rods or plates. Red bone marrow is found between the trabuculae. Blood vessels within this tissue deliver nutrients to osteocytes and remove waste. The red bone marrow of the femur and the interior of other large bones, such as the ilium, forms blood cells.

Figure 2. Trabeculae in spongy bone are arranged such that one side of the bone bears tension and the other withstands compression. Spongy bone reduces the density of bone and allows the ends of long bones to compress as the result of stresses applied to the bone. Spongy bone is prominent in areas of bones that are not heavily stressed or where stresses arrive from many directions. The epiphyses of bones, such as the neck of the femur, are subject to stress from many directions.

Imagine laying a heavy framed picture flat on the floor. Treatment can range from exercise to surgery. On a metabolic level, bone tissue performs several critical functions. For one, the bone matrix acts as a reservoir for a number of minerals important to the functioning of the body, especially calcium, and potassium. These minerals, incorporated into bone tissue, can be released back into the bloodstream to maintain levels needed to support physiological processes.

Calcium ions, for example, are essential for muscle contractions and controlling the flow of other ions involved in the transmission of nerve impulses. Bone also serves as a site for fat storage and blood cell production. The softer connective tissue that fills the interior of most bone is referred to as bone marrow Figure 6. There are two types of bone marrow: yellow marrow and red marrow. Yellow marrow contains adipose tissue; the triglycerides stored in the adipocytes of the tissue can serve as a source of energy.

Red marrow is where hematopoiesis —the production of blood cells—takes place. Red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets are all produced in the red marrow. Privacy Policy. Skip to main content.

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And soft bone marrow in the center of certain bones is where blood cells are formed and stored. This type of blood cell is within the bone. Its function is to form new bone tissue.

This is a very large cell formed in bone marrow. Its function is to absorb and remove unwanted tissue. This type of cell is within the bone. It helps to maintain bone as living tissue. This type of cell is found in bone marrow.